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Figure 8.8 Figure 8.8   Figure 8.8 reflects the cost and revenue structure for a monopoly that has been in business for a very long time. -Refer to Figure 8.8.Use the figure above to answer the following questions. a.Identify the curves labelled A and B.Identify the curve which contains both point Y and point Z.Identify the curve which contains both point V and point W. b.What is the profit-maximising quantity and what price will the monopolist charge? c.What area represents total revenue at the profit-maximising output level? d.What area represents total cost at the profit-maximising output level? e.What area represents profit? f.What is the profit per unit (average profit)at the profit-maximising output level? g.If this industry was organised as a perfectly competitive industry,what would be the profit-maximising price and quantity? h.What area represents the deadweight loss as a result of a monopoly? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Figure 8.8 reflects the cost and revenue structure for a monopoly that has been in business for a very long time. -Refer to Figure 8.8.Use the figure above to answer the following questions. a.Identify the curves labelled A and B.Identify the curve which contains both point Y and point Z.Identify the curve which contains both point V and point W. b.What is the profit-maximising quantity and what price will the monopolist charge? c.What area represents total revenue at the profit-maximising output level? d.What area represents total cost at the profit-maximising output level? e.What area represents profit? f.What is the profit per unit (average profit)at the profit-maximising output level? g.If this industry was organised as a perfectly competitive industry,what would be the profit-maximising price and quantity? h.What area represents the deadweight loss as a result of a monopoly? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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a.A = Demand curve; B = Marginal revenue...

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Figure 8.2 Figure 8.2   Figure 8.2 above shows the demand and cost curves facing a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.2.What is the firm's profit-maximising price? A)  P<sub>1</sub> B)  P<sub>2</sub> C)  P<sub>3</sub> D)  P<sub>4</sub> Figure 8.2 above shows the demand and cost curves facing a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.2.What is the firm's profit-maximising price?


A) P1
B) P2
C) P3
D) P4

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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What is a monopoly? Can a firm be a monopoly if close substitutes for its product exists? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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A monopoly is the only seller ...

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A product's price approaches its marginal cost as market concentration increases.

A) True
B) False

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Explain whether a monopoly that maximises profit will also be maximising revenue and production. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Profit maximisation is not the same thin...

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Some economists argue that Microsoft became a monopoly in the market for computer software by developing MS-DOS,an operating system used for the first IBM personal computers.The more people who used MS-DOS-based programs,the greater the usefulness of using a computer with an MS-DOS operating system.The explanation for Microsoft's monopoly is


A) the development of new technology that other firms could not copy.
B) control of a key resource which, in this case, is the MS-DOS operating system.
C) network externalities.
D) patents Microsoft obtained when it developed the MS-DOS operating system.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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A monopolist's profit-maximising price and output correspond to the point on a graph


A) where average total cost is minimised.
B) where total costs are the smallest relative to price.
C) where marginal revenue equals marginal cost.
D) where price is as high as possible.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Unlike a perfect competitor,a monopolist faces the market demand curve.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 8.6 Figure 8.6   Figure 8.6 shows the cost and demand curves for a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.6.What is the monopolist's total cost? A)  $1116 B)  $1240 C)  $1660 D)  $1726.40 Figure 8.6 shows the cost and demand curves for a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.6.What is the monopolist's total cost?


A) $1116
B) $1240
C) $1660
D) $1726.40

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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If a monopolist's price is $50 at 63 units of output,and marginal revenue equals marginal cost,and average total cost equals $43,then what is the firm's total profit?


A) $3150
B) $2709
C) $441
D) $7

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market results in the greatest amount of economic surplus,or total benefit to society,from the production of a good.Why,then,did Joseph Schumpeter argue that an economy may benefit more from firms that have market power than from firms that are perfectly competitive? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Schumpeter did not deny that perfectly c...

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How does a network externality serve as a barrier to entry? Is this barrier surmountable? Explain. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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A network externality exists where the u...

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A monopolist currently sells 18 units of a good.If marginal revenue on the last unit sold is $117,then the price of the good must be less than $117.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 8.3 Figure 8.3   Figure 8.3 above shows the demand and cost curves facing a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.3.Suppose the monopolist represented in the diagram above produces positive output.The price charged at the profit-maximising/loss-minimising output level is -. A)  $38 B)  $54 C)  $68 D)  $75 Figure 8.3 above shows the demand and cost curves facing a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.3.Suppose the monopolist represented in the diagram above produces positive output.The price charged at the profit-maximising/loss-minimising output level is -.


A) $38
B) $54
C) $68
D) $75

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Figure 8.9 Figure 8.9   Figure 8.9 shows the demand and cost curves for a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.9.The economically efficient output level is A)  600 units B)  800 units C)  940 units D)  1160 units Figure 8.9 shows the demand and cost curves for a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.9.The economically efficient output level is


A) 600 units
B) 800 units
C) 940 units
D) 1160 units

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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If the market for a product begins as perfectly competitive and then becomes a monopoly,there will be a reduction in economic efficiency and a deadweight loss.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 8.2 Figure 8.2   Figure 8.2 above shows the demand and cost curves facing a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.2.To maximise profit,the firm will produce -. A)  Q<sub>1</sub> B)  Q<sub>2</sub> C)  Q<sub>3</sub> D)  Q<sub>4</sub> Figure 8.2 above shows the demand and cost curves facing a monopolist. -Refer to Figure 8.2.To maximise profit,the firm will produce -.


A) Q1
B) Q2
C) Q3
D) Q4

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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What is a network externality?


A) It refers to having a network of suppliers and buyers for a good or service.
B) It refers to lobbying to form a public enterprise.
C) It refers to a situation in which a product's usefulness increases with the number of people using it.
D) It refers to a product that requires connection to a network for it to be useful.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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One reason patent protection is vitally important to pharmaceutical firms is:


A) successful new drugs are not profitable. If firms are not granted patents, many would go out of business and health care would be severely diminished.
B) the approval process for new drugs through the Food and Drug Administration can take more than 10 years and is very costly. Patents enable firms to recover costs incurred during this process.
C) taxes on profits from drugs are very high; profits from patent protection enable firms to pay these taxes.
D) the high salaries pharmaceutical firms pay to scientists and doctors make their labour costs higher than for any other business. Profits from patents are needed to pay these labour costs.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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If a restaurant was a natural monopoly,its


A) marginal cost curve would still be declining when it crossed the demand curve.
B) average total cost curve would still be declining when it crossed the demand curve.
C) marginal revenue curve would be the same as its demand curve.
D) marginal revenue curve would be horizontal.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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