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Which theory states that advertising allows companies to compete more effectively for consumer dollars and keeps consumers informed of their selection alternatives if the economy produces more goods and services than can be consumed?


A) abundance principle
B) macroeconomic theory of supply and demand
C) economic principle of opportunity costs
D) utilitarian principle of advertising
E) normative theory of supply and demand

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Olive oil is usually advertised using terms such as "pure olive oil" and "extra virgin," a phrase that denotes the highest grade of olive oil.However,studies have shown that olive oil is one of the most adulterated products on the market.Many of the oils sold in grocery stores are of lower quality than advertised or,even worse,are diluted with other products such as sunflower oil.Olive oil producers who claim to sell extra virgin,pure olive oil but really provide an impure product have engaged in


A) puffery.
B) pro bono advertising.
C) deceptive advertising.
D) unfair advertising.
E) subliminal advertising.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Which federal agency would have the authority to deal with the fact that a brand of hotdog marked "low fat" contains only 10 percent less fat than regular hotdogs?


A) the Library of Congress
B) the Patent and Trademark Office
C) the Food and Drug Administration
D) the Office of Consumer Affairs Service
E) the Federal Communications Commission

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The primary purpose of the Advertising Self-Regulatory Council is to


A) promote and enforce standards of truth, accuracy, taste, morality, and social responsibility in advertising.
B) supplant the Federal Trade Commission as the chief advertising regulatory agency.
C) work with the Department of Justice to prevent any one company from monopolizing a particular medium.
D) set up and maintain a consumer review board to approve all advertising.
E) promote the benefits of advertising to its critics.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following images best describes the chain reaction of economic events that takes place once a company begins to advertise?


A) the opening break shot in billiards
B) a beautiful woman entering a room full of men
C) a car slowing down as it goes uphill
D) a dart hitting the center of a bullseye
E) a line of carefully placed dominoes being knocked over

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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According to the owner of NPC & Associates,Maryland's largest African American-owned ad agency,"If you were to come from another planet and watch American television,you would think that all black people did was play basketball and hang out on street corners and do rap music." The speaker is most likely accusing advertising of


A) making consumers too materialistic.
B) being excessive.
C) manipulating people into buying things they do not need.
D) being deliberately deceptive.
E) perpetuating stereotypes.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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The FTC defines _____ as any ad that contains a misrepresentation,omission,or other practice that can mislead a significant number of reasonable consumers to their detriment.


A) pro bono advertising
B) faux marketing
C) unfair advertising
D) deceptive advertising
E) subliminal advertising

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Distinguish between deceptive advertising and unfair advertising.

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The FTC defines deceptive advertising as...

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The uniform nature of advertising regulation in the United States ensures that advertisers easily understand what is required to comply with regulations.

A) True
B) False

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Through the issuance of _____,the government provides incentives to invent,invest in,and disclose new technology.


A) trademarks
B) copyrights
C) patents
D) venture capital
E) differential advantages

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Television commercials for Progressive Insurance often list Progressive's rates next to the rates of other major insurance companies.This is an example of _____ advertising.


A) corrective
B) deceptive
C) comparative
D) consumerist
E) unfair

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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How has the U.S.Supreme Court intervened in the rights of advertisers under the First Amendment?


A) It has supported the ban against professional advertising.
B) It has established strict control over packaged-goods advertising.
C) It has banned all cigarette advertisements from broadcast media.
D) It has offered significant protection for truthful commercial speech.
E) It has made social responsibility mandatory for publicly traded firms.

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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Which statement about how advertising affects competition is true?


A) Advertising by large firms tends to have a limited effect on small firms.
B) Most single advertisers are large enough to dominate the entire nation.
C) Advertising is highly regulated so that it does not impede competition.
D) Intense competition tends to increase the number of businesses in an industry.
E) Non-advertised products are unable to compete with advertised, branded products.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about deceptive advertising is true?


A) To be deceptive, advertising claims must be factually false or convey a false impression.
B) Deceptive advertising is sometimes used because it establishes long-term consumer confidence in the product being advertised.
C) To be labeled as deceptive, ads must contain some claims that have not been previously substantiated.
D) Deceptive ads serve the best interests of the advertisers.
E) Exaggerated, subjective claims that cannot be proven true or false are considered deceptive advertising.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Most advertisers welcome attention from consumer advocate groups because they make helpful suggestions but rarely succeed in having deceptive ads pulled.

A) True
B) False

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Two companies,Le Shuttle and P&O European Ferries,provide Europeans with the ability to cross the English Channel.An advertisement for Le Shuttle claimed it was more popular with travelers than P&O European Ferries.P&O European Ferries lodged an objection with a European regulatory agency and pointed out that it had carried 1.4 million cars in the previous year compared to Le Shuttle's 1 million.P&O European Ferries most likely wanted Le Shuttle to run _____ advertising.


A) corrective
B) professional
C) comparative
D) reparative
E) pro bono

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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In some cases,the Advertising Self-Regulatory Council (ASRC)is more effective than the court system in handling advertising disputes.

A) True
B) False

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When Mei looked at her can of paint remover,she saw a notice that read,"Use in a well-ventilated place.Avoid inhaling the fumes from this product,which can damage the lungs and the nervous system." Which term best describes this label information?


A) cease-and-desist warning
B) customer testimonial
C) nutritional claim
D) consent decree
E) affirmative disclosure

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Discuss in brief the role of the Nutritional Labeling and Education Act (NLEA).

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The NLEA gave the FDA muscle by setting ...

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What is a trademark? Give an example of a trademark.

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According to the Lanham Trademark Act (1...

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