Question 1

Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions.
Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions) of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions.
 
-Which step shows a split of one molecule into two smaller molecules?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the...

Question 2

Use the following information to answer the next questions.
In the presence of oxygen, the three-carbon compound pyruvate can be catabolized in the citric acid cycle. First, however, the pyruvate 1)  loses a carbon, which is given off as a molecule of CO2, 2)  is oxidized to form a two-carbon compound called acetate, and 3)  is bonded to coenzyme A.
-During cellular respiration, acetyl CoA accumulates in which location?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosol
B)  mitochondrial outer membrane
C)  mitochondrial inner membrane
D)  mitochondrial intermembrane space
E)  mitochondrial matrixF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Figure 9.3 
-Which of the following normally occurs whether or not oxygen (O₂) is present?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis
B)  fermentation
C)  oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
D)  citric acid cycle
E)  oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmosis) F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Use the following information to answer the next questions.
In the presence of oxygen, the three-carbon compound pyruvate can be catabolized in the citric acid cycle. First, however, the pyruvate 1)  loses a carbon, which is given off as a molecule of CO2, 2)  is oxidized to form a two-carbon compound called acetate, and 3)  is bonded to coenzyme A.
-These three steps result in the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  acetyl CoA, O₂, and ATP.
B)  acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and CO₂.
C)  acetyl CoA, FAD, H₂, and CO₂.
D)  acetyl CoA, NADH, H⁺, and CO₂.
E)  acetyl CoA, NAD⁺, ATP, and CO₂.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions.
Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions)  of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions.
 
-A molecule that is phosphorylated

Accepted Answer

A)  has been reduced as a result of a redox reaction involving the loss of an inorganic phosphate.
B)  has a decreased chemical reactivity; it is less likely to provide energy for cellular work.
C)  has been oxidized as a result of a redox reaction involving the gain of an inorganic phosphate.
D)  has an increased chemical reactivity; it is primed to do cellular work.
E)  has less energy than before its phosphorylation and therefore less energy for cellular work.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Figure 9.3 
-Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  the citric acid cycle
B)  the electron transport chain
C)  glycolysis
D)  synthesis of acetyl CoA from pyruvate
E)  reduction of pyruvate to lactateF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Figure 9.3 
-Which of the following most accurately describes what is happening along this chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemiosmosis is coupled with electron transfer.
B)  Each electron carrier alternates between being reduced and being oxidized.
C)  ATP is generated at each step.
D)  Energy of the electrons increases at each step.
E)  Molecules in the chain give up some of their potential energy.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Figure 9.3 
-An organism is discovered that consumes a considerable amount of sugar, yet does not gain much weight when denied air. Curiously, the consumption of sugar increases as air is removed from the organism's environment, but the organism seems to thrive even in the absence of air. When returned to normal air, the organism does fine. Which of the following best describes the organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It must use a molecule other than oxygen to accept electrons from the electron transport chain.
B)  It is a normal eukaryotic organism.
C)  The organism obviously lacks the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain.
D)  It is an anaerobic organism.
E)  It is a facultative anaerobe.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Figure 9.3 
-Glycolysis is thought to be one of the most ancient of metabolic processes. Which statement supports this idea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolysis is the most widespread metabolic pathway.
B)  Glycolysis neither uses nor needs O₂.
C)  Glycolysis is found in all eukaryotic cells.
D)  The enzymes of glycolysis are found in the cytosol rather than in a membrane-enclosed organelle.
E)  Ancient prokaryotic cells, the most primitive of cells, made extensive use of glycolysis long before oxygen was present in Earth's atmosphere.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.
 
-A young animal has never had much energy. He is brought to a veterinarian for help and is sent to the animal hospital for some tests. There they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactate than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  His mitochondria lack the transport protein that moves pyruvate across the outer mitochondrial membrane.
B)  His cells cannot move NADH from glycolysis into the mitochondria.
C)  His cells contain something that inhibits oxygen use in his mitochondria.
D)  His cells lack the enzyme in glycolysis that forms pyruvate.
E)  His cells have a defective electron transport chain, so glucose goes to lactate instead of to acetyl CoA.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate-level phosphorylation.
B)  electron transport.
C)  photophosphorylation.
D)  chemiosmosis.
E)  oxidation of NADH to NAD⁺.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions.
Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions)  of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions.
 
-Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It both splits molecules and assembles molecules.
B)  It attaches and detaches phosphate groups.
C)  It uses glucose and generates pyruvate.
D)  It shifts molecules from cytosol to mitochondrion.
E)  It uses stored ATP and then forms a net increase in ATP.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.
 
-During oxidative phosphorylation, H₂O is formed. Where does the oxygen for the synthesis of the water come from?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide (CO₂) 
B)  glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) 
C)  molecular oxygen (O₂) 
D)  pyruvate (C₃H₃O₃⁻) 
E)  lactate (C₃H₅O₃⁻) F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.
 
-How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO₂) would be produced by five turns of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  5
C)  10
D)  12
E)  60F) B) and C)
G) A) and C) C

Question 15

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.
 
-Cellular respiration harvests the most chemical energy from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate-level phosphorylation
B)  chemiosmotic phosphorylation
C)  converting oxygen to ATP
D)  transferring electrons from organic molecules to pyruvate
E)  generating carbon dioxide and oxygen in the electron transport chainF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Figure 9.3 
-When muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, they become fatigued and painful. This is now known to be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  buildup of pyruvate.
B)  buildup of lactate.
C)  increase in sodium ions.
D)  increase in potassium ions.
E)  increase in ethanol.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.
 
-The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to

Accepted Answer

A)  yield energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the respiratory chain.
B)  act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water.
C)  combine with carbon, forming CO₂.
D)  combine with lactate, forming pyruvate.
E)  catalyze the reactions of glycolysis.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O₂) is present or absent?

Accepted Answer

A)  electron transport
B)  glycolysis
C)  the citric acid cycle
D)  oxidative phosphorylation
E)  chemiosmosisF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.
 
-Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into which location?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosol
B)  mitochondrial outer membrane
C)  mitochondrial inner membrane
D)  mitochondrial intermembrane space
E)  mitochondrial matrixF) C) and D)
G) A) and D) D

Question 20

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.
 
-In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about 5 X the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes, and about 17 X that of the cell's plasma membrane. What purpose must this serve?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows for increased rate of glycolysis.
B)  It allows for increased rate of the citric acid cycle.
C)  It increases the surface for oxidative phosphoryation.
D)  It increases the surface for substrate-level phosphorylation.
E)  It allows the liver cell to have fewer mitochondria.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E) C

Exam 9: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions) of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions. -Which step shows a split of one molecule into two smaller molecules?

Correct Answer
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Figure 9.3 -Which of the following normally occurs whether or not oxygen (O₂) is present?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions) of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions. -A molecule that is phosphorylated

Correct Answer
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Figure 9.3 -Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule?

Correct Answer
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Figure 9.3 -Which of the following most accurately describes what is happening along this chain?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Figure 9.3 -Glycolysis is thought to be one of the most ancient of metabolic processes. Which statement supports this idea?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by

Correct Answer
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Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions) of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions. -Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

Correct Answer
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Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -During oxidative phosphorylation, H₂O is formed. Where does the oxygen for the synthesis of the water come from?

Correct Answer
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Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO₂) would be produced by five turns of the citric acid cycle?

Correct Answer
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C

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -Cellular respiration harvests the most chemical energy from which of the following?

Correct Answer
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Figure 9.3 -When muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, they become fatigued and painful. This is now known to be caused by

Correct Answer
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Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to

Correct Answer
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Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O₂) is present or absent?

Correct Answer
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Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into which location?

Correct Answer
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D

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about 5 X the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes, and about 17 X that of the cell's plasma membrane. What purpose must this serve?

Correct Answer
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C

Exam 9: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions) of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions. -Which step shows a split of one molecule into two smaller molecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 9.3 -Which of the following normally occurs whether or not oxygen (O₂) is present?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions) of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions. -A molecule that is phosphorylated

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 9.3 -Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 9.3 -Which of the following most accurately describes what is happening along this chain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 9.3 -Glycolysis is thought to be one of the most ancient of metabolic processes. Which statement supports this idea?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 9.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 9.1 illustrates some of the steps (reactions) of glycolysis in their proper sequence. Each step is lettered. Use these letters to answer the questions. -Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -During oxidative phosphorylation, H₂O is formed. Where does the oxygen for the synthesis of the water come from?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -How many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO₂) would be produced by five turns of the citric acid cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -Cellular respiration harvests the most chemical energy from which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 9.3 -When muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, they become fatigued and painful. This is now known to be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O₂) is present or absent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into which location?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions. -In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about 5 X the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes, and about 17 X that of the cell's plasma membrane. What purpose must this serve?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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C

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D

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C