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Exam 29: The Working Plant

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Most plants rely on bacteria to supply them with a usable form of which of the following substances?

A) nitrogen
B) carbon dioxide
C) water
D) amino acids

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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A farmer decides he wants to grow certified organic corn and sets out to meet all USDA standards to do so. His crop grows well for the first three years; however,he notices during the fourth and fifth years that his plants are getting smaller and producing much less corn. He has not altered his farming practices and begins to wonder what is happening. He remembers someone mentioning planting peanuts every third year in place of their corn crop,which leads to much healthier corn.Why would a farmer want to change to a different crop,especially something like peanuts?

A) Planting a legume like peanuts increases water retention in the soil, allowing the following year's corn crop to thrive.
B) Crop rotation with a legume like peanuts will increase nitrogen in the soil.
C) Planting a legume like peanuts increases the available carbon in the soil.
D) Changing from corn to peanuts, a legume, allows the soil to "rest" for a year.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Question 23

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For a plant,carbon and nitrogen are _____.

Which of the following best describes the conversion that occurs during nitrogen fixation?

Which of the following best describes transpiration?

Which of the following best describes the condition of a twig if the auxin produced by its apical meristem is conveyed equally down all sides?

Which of the following supplies water and absorbed nutrients to a typical plant?

Which of the following hormones promotes fruit ripening and dropping of leaves?

Which of the following weather conditions would cause transpiration to be most rapid?

Which of the following best describe(s) the dependencies of most flowering plants?

Which of the following best describes a night-neutral plant?

Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s) . Nitrogen shortage is a common nutritional problem for plants. In crops, a nitrogen deficiency can result in stunted growth as well as lower nutritional content. Farmers sometimes apply fertilizers containing nitrogen as well as other essential nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium. Compost can also be used to fertilize soils. Compost consists of vegetable matter that adds nutrients to soil as it is decomposed by microorganisms, fungi, and animals. Certain plants, including legumes such as peas and beans, house nitrogen-fixing bacteria in swellings called root nodules. The bacteria have enzymes that help convert atmospheric N2 to ammonium ions that can be readily used by the plants. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with other nutrients. When conditions are favorable, root nodule bacteria fix so much nitrogen that the nodules secrete excess ammonia. -Some farmers practice crop rotation,alternating between planting non-legumes such as corn or wheat one year and legumes the next year.What is the advantage of crop rotation?

Transpiration pulls water up a plant because of two mechanisms: _____ describes water molecules sticking together and _____ describes water molecules sticking to the walls of the xylem.

Which of the following is exemplified by a pea tendril contacting a string or wire and coiling around it for support?

The figure below illustrates ______ in plants.

Which of the following best describes substances that enter a plant through the root system?

Which of the following hormones promotes cell division?

Experimental plants that were sent up in space shuttle missions did not exhibit all of their normal tropisms.Which of the following responses would you most expect to be lacking from these plants?

Which of the following best describes the role of plant root nodules in plants such as peas and beans?

Which of the following is the site of carbon dioxide uptake by a plant?